膨胀珍珠岩对机制砂混凝土抗冻性能的影响
Effect of expanded perlite on frost resistance of manufactured sand concrete
关键词：
膨胀珍珠岩：内养护；机制砂混凝土；抗冻性能；微观形貌；孔隙率
Key words：
Expanded perlite: Internal curing; Manufactured sand concrete; Frost resistance; Microstructure; Porosity
刊期：
2025年第6期
DOI：
10.19761/j.1000-4637.2025.06.018.04
文章编号：
基金项目：
作者：
石庆瑄，魏列祥，朱贤儒，牟 楠
单位：
甘肃源盛通泰建材有限公司, 甘肃 兰州 730200
摘要
摘 要：为了提升机制砂混凝土的抗冻性能，研究了膨胀珍珠岩颗粒（掺量0~14%）作为内养护材料对机制砂混凝土抗冻性能的影响规律，并通过核磁共振试验（NMR）与微观扫描电镜（SEM）测试，分析了其对机制砂混凝土抗冻性能的影响机理。结果表明：掺入适量膨胀珍珠岩颗粒可以有效改善机制砂混凝土的抗冻性能；当膨胀珍珠岩颗粒掺量为8%时，机制砂混凝土的抗冻性能最佳，且机制砂混凝土内部孔隙率与孔径均较小；当膨胀珍珠岩颗粒掺量大于12%时，机制砂混凝土的抗冻性能发生劣化，内部孔隙率与孔径增大。
Abstract: In order to improve the frost resistance of manufactured sand concrete, the effect of expanded perlite particles (content of 0~14%) as an internal curing material on the frost resistance of manufactured sand concrete was studied, where its mechanism was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and microscopic scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that appropriate content of expanded perlite particles can effectively improve the frost resistance of manufactured sand concrete. The frost resistance of manufactured sand concrete is best with the 8% content of expanded perlite particles, where the internal porosity and pore size of manufactured sand concrete are low. However, when the content of expanded perlite particles is greater than 12%, it has a deterioration effect on the frost resistance of manufactured sand concrete, and the porosity and pore size of manufactured sand concrete are increased.
结论
（1）膨胀珍珠岩具有一定的内养护作用，且该作用能有效改善机制砂混凝土抗冻性能，但对于其掺量应严格限制。当膨胀珍珠岩掺量为2%~8%时，其对机制砂混凝土抗冻性能的改善作用随掺量的增大而增强；当膨胀珍珠岩掺量为8%~12%时，其对机制砂混凝土的内养护作用随掺量的增大而减弱；当膨胀珍珠岩掺量大于12%时，其对机制砂混凝土抗冻性能存在劣化影响。
（2）膨胀珍珠岩改善机制砂混凝土抗冻性能的主要机理是通过内养护作用降低了混凝土内部孔隙率与孔径，从而阻碍了外界水分的进入。但是，过量的膨胀珍珠岩在混凝土内部以微颗粒填充物的形式存在，其与周围水化产物之间并未紧密连接，存在一定宽度的裂隙。同时，部分膨胀珍珠岩释放水分后会发生破裂，从而在该区域形成封闭孔隙。
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引用本文
石庆瑄,魏列祥,朱贤儒,等.膨胀珍珠岩对机制砂混凝土抗冻性能的影响[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2025(6):18-21.
SHI Q X,WEI L X,ZHU X R,et al.Effect of expanded perlite on frost resistance of manufactured sand concrete[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2025(6):18-21.
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