玄武岩纤维与MgO膨胀剂对混凝土力学及抗裂性能的影响
The influence of basalt fiber and MgO expansion agent on the mechanical properties and crack resistance of concrete
关键词：
玄武岩纤维；MgO膨胀剂；力学性能；抗裂性能；极差分析
Key words：
Basalt fiber; MgO expansion agent; Mechanical property; Crack resistance; Range analysis
刊期：
2026年第2期
DOI：
10.19761/j.1000-4637.24060322
文章编号：
基金项目：
国家自然科学基金项目（52071031）；湖南省交通科技项目（202224）。
作者：
欧时舜1，熊英建2，何 茂3，程永舟3，*
单位：
1.湖南省水运建设投资集团有限公司，湖南 长沙 410011；2.中交二航局第三工程有限公司， 江苏 镇江 212000；3.长沙理工大学 水利与海洋工程学院，湖南 长沙 410114
摘要
摘 要：研究了玄武岩纤维掺量（0~0.3%）和MgO膨胀剂掺量（0~6%）对混凝土抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度的影响，并采用极差分析法确定了二者的最佳掺量。结果表明：复掺适量玄武岩纤维和MgO膨胀剂可以显著提高试件的抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度和抗裂性能；当玄武岩纤维掺量为0.1%或0.2%时，随着MgO膨胀剂掺量的增加，试件的抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度和开裂时间均呈先增后降的趋势；当玄武岩纤维掺量为0.3%时，随着MgO膨胀剂掺量的增加，试件的抗压强度和开裂时间先增后降，而劈裂抗拉强度逐渐降低；当MgO膨胀剂掺量一定时，随着玄武岩纤维掺量的增加，试件的抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度和开裂时间均下降；与MgO膨胀剂掺量相比，玄武岩纤维掺量对试件抗压强度的影响更显著，而对劈裂抗拉强度和开裂时间的影响较弱；综合考虑力学性能和抗裂性能，玄武岩纤维和MgO膨胀剂的最佳掺量分别为0.1%和6%。研究成果可为大体积混凝土、水工混凝土等对抗裂性能有较高要求的工程提供技术参考。
Abstract: The effects of basalt fiber content (0~0.3%) and MgO expansion agent content (0~6%) on the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of concrete were studied, and the optimal content of both was determined using range analysis method. The results indicate that the addition of an appropriate content of basalt fiber and MgO expansion agent can significantly improve the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and crack resistance of the specimens. When the content of basalt fiber is 0.1% or 0.2%, with the increase of MgO expansion agent content, the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and cracking time of the specimen show a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. When the content of basalt fiber is 0.3%, with the increase of MgO expansion agent content, the compressive strength and cracking time of the specimen show a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, while the splitting tensile strength gradually decreases. When the content of MgO expansion agent is constant, the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and cracking time of the specimen decrease with the increase of basalt fiber content. Compared with the MgO expansion agent content, the effect of basalt fiber content on the compressive strength of specimens is more significant, while its effect on the splitting tensile strength and cracking time is weaker. Taking into account both mechanical properties and crack resistance, the optimal contents of basalt fiber and MgO expansion agent are 0.1% and 6%, respectively. The research results can provide technical references for engineering projects with high requirements for crack resistance, such as mass concrete and hydraulic concrete.
结论
（1）复掺适量的玄武岩纤维与MgO膨胀剂对混凝土的力学性能和抗裂性能具有明显的协同提升作用。
（2）当玄武岩纤维掺量为0.1%或0.2%时，随着MgO膨胀剂掺量的增加，试件的抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度和开裂时间均先增后降；当玄武岩纤维掺量为0.3%时，随着MgO膨胀剂掺量的增加，试件的抗压强度、开裂时间均先增后降，而劈裂抗拉强度逐渐降低。当MgO膨胀剂掺量一定时，随着玄武岩纤维掺量的增加，试件抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度和开裂时间均下降。
（3）极差分析结果表明，与MgO膨胀剂掺量相比，玄武岩纤维掺量对试件抗压强度的影响更显著，而对劈裂抗拉强度和开裂时间的影响较弱。
（4）综合考虑力学性能和抗裂性能，本文建议玄武岩纤维和MgO膨胀剂的最佳掺量分别为0.1%和6%。
（5）本文研究成果可为大体积混凝土、水工混凝土等对抗裂性能有较高要求的工程提供理论依据和技术参考，助力提升此类工程的施工质量与服役寿命，保障工程长期安全稳定运行。
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引用本文
欧时舜,熊英建,何茂,等.玄武岩纤维与MgO膨胀剂对混凝土力学及抗裂性能的影响[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2026(2):34-39.
OU S S,XIONG Y J,HE M,et al.The influence of basalt fiber and MgO expansion agent on the mechanical properties and crack resistance of concrete[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2026(2):34-39.
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