超高延性石膏基复合材料的力学及耐水性能研究
Study on mechanical properties and water resistance of ultra-high ductility gypsum-based composite materials
关键词：
石膏；聚乙烯纤维；力学性能；耐水性能；应变硬化；超高延性
Key words：
Gypsum; Polyethylene fiber; Mechanical property; Water resistance; Strain hardening; Ultra-high ductility
刊期：
2026年第3期
DOI：
10.19761/j.1000-4637.25010017
文章编号：
基金项目：
国家自然科学基金项目（52408282）；河北省教育厅青年拔尖人才项目（BJK2024020）；河北省燕赵黄金台聚才计划骨干人才项目（B2024009）；国网河北省电力有限公司（河北汇智电力工程设计有限公司）科技研发资助项目（SGHEHZ00SJJS2400045）。
作者：
苏佶智1，徐日昌2，王义超2，*，王丽欢1，李 燕3，张戊晨1
单位：
1.国网河北省电力有限公司经济技术研究院，河北 石家庄 050000；2.石家庄铁道大学 土木工程 学院，河北 石家庄 050043；3.河北汇智电力工程设计有限公司，河北 石家庄 050000
摘要
摘 要：为改善石膏基复合材料的韧性，根据工程水泥基复合材料（ECC）材料微观设计原理，选择聚乙烯（PE）纤维作为增强材料，研发了具有应变硬化和优异变形能力的超高延性石膏基复合材料，并分析了其在室内、绝干、浸水3种养护条件下的工作性、力学性能、耐水性能。结果表明：3种养护条件下，试件均呈现出显著的应变硬化特性，试件的抗拉强度在1.8~6.5 MPa之间，拉伸应变在4%~7%之间；纤维的掺入并未明显改善试件的耐水性能，但可显著改善试件的拉伸、压缩性能，提高拉伸变形能力和峰后压缩变形能力。
Abstract: In order to improve the toughness of gypsum-based composites materials, polyethylene (PE) fiber was selected as a reinforcing material according to the micro-design principle of engineered cementitious composite(ECC) materials. The ultra-high ductility gypsum-based composite materials with strain hardening and excellent deformation capacity was developed, and its workability, mechanical properties and water resistance under indoor, absolute dryness and immersion curing conditions were analyzed. The results show that under 3 types of curing conditions, the specimens all show significant strain hardening characteristics, the tensile strengths of the specimens are between 1.8 MPa and 6.5 MPa, and the tensile strain is between 4% and 7%. The addition of fibers do not significantly improve the water resistance of the specimens, but it can significantly improve their tensile and compressive properties, as well as their tensile deformation ability and post peak compression deformation ability.
结论
（1）本文制备的超高延性石膏基复合材料的流动度与普通ECC的流动度相差不大，水泥和粉煤灰的加入对石膏基复合材料的流动度有一定的增强作用。
（2）3种养护条件下，GS和GSCF组试件均呈现出应变硬化和多缝开裂特性；室内养护下，GS和GSCF组试件的拉伸峰值应力在3 MPa以上，拉伸应变超过5%；绝干养护下，试件的拉伸峰值应力明显提高，拉伸应变下降，而浸水养护下的试件则与此相反。
（3）GS0、GS、GSCF组试件的抗压强度软化系数接近；掺入纤维后GS与GSCF组试件的吸水率显著增加，说明纤维的掺入并未明显改善石膏的耐水性能。
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引用本文
苏佶智,徐日昌,王义超,等.超高延性石膏基复合材料的力学及耐水性能研究[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2026,53(3):87-92. SU J Z,XU R C,WANG Y C,et al.Study on mechanical properties and water resistance of ultra-high ductility gypsum-based composite materials[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2026,53(3):87-92 (in Chinese).
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