不同养护方式下超高性能喷射混凝土（UHPSC）力学性能及孔结构演化规律
Mechanical properties and pore structure evolution of ultra-high performance shotcrete (UHPSC) under different curing methods
关键词：
超高性能喷射混凝土（UHPSC）；养护方式；喷射工艺；力学性能；孔隙结构
Key words：
Ultra-high performance shotcrete (UHPSC); Curing method; Shotcreting technology; Mechanical property; Pore structure
刊期：
2026年第8期
DOI：
10.19761/j.1000-4637.24120666
文章编号：
基金项目：
国家自然科学基金项目（52209155）；湖南省自然科学基金项目（2023JJ30045）；湖南省水利厅科技项目（XSKJ2022068-24）。
作者：
戴旭军1，杨建宇1，*，何建刚2
单位：
1.长沙理工大学，湖南 长沙 410114；2.湖南人健宝固高新科技发展有限公司， 湖南 长沙 410201
摘要
摘 要：超高性能喷射混凝土（Ultra-high performance shotcrete，UHPSC）凭借优异的力学及耐久性能，在异形截面结构、浇筑模板受限、隧道衬砌等场景中展现出广阔的应用前景。但目前针对UHPSC养护方式和喷射工艺的深入研究较少，而二者对UHPSC的力学性能与内部孔隙结构具有关键影响。为此，本文通过抗压、劈裂抗拉强度试验与CT扫描观测试验，研究了不同养护方式（自然养护、标准养护、覆膜养护）下UHPSC的力学性能，并分析了喷射工艺对孔隙分布的影响。结果表明：养护方式对UHPSC强度的影响不大；喷射施工会导致UHPSC的正喷面抗压强度低于侧喷面抗压强度，但对劈裂抗拉强度的分布几乎无影响；采用喷射工艺成型的UHPSC内部孔隙少，且孔隙分布呈现出明显的方向性，未出现明显连通孔隙。研究成果可为UHPSC的喷射工艺改进和实际工程应用提供参考。
Abstract: Ultra-high performance shotcrete (UHPSC) boasts outstanding mechanical properties and durability, rendering it broadly applicable to structures with irregular cross-sections, construction scenarios constrained by casting formworks, tunnel linings and other engineering cases. However, in-depth studies focusing on the curing methods and shotcreting technology of UHPSC are still limited, yet both factors exert crucial effects on the mechanical properties and internal pore structure of UHPSC. In view of this, compressive strength tests, splitting tensile strength tests and CT scanning observation tests were carried out in this paper to investigate the mechanical properties of UHPSC subjected to three different curing methods (natural curing, standard curing and plastic film curing), and the effect of shotcreting technology on pore distribution was analyzed. The results demonstrate that curing methods impose a minor impact on the strength of UHPSC. Shotcreting process leads to lower compressive strength on the impact surface than on the side surface of UHPSC, while the distribution of splitting tensile strength is barely affected. The UHPSC prepared by shotcreting technology has fewer internal pores, and the pore distribution shows obvious directionality, without obvious connected pores. The findings can provide a reference for the optimization of shotcreting technology and practical engineering application of UHPSC.
结论
（1）养护方式对UHPSC强度的影响不大；随着养护龄期的延长，UHPSC的7~28 d抗压、劈裂抗拉强度快速增长，28 d后抗压、劈裂抗拉强度增长变缓。实际工程应用中，可综合考虑施工便捷性、经济性等因素，选择合适的养护方式。
（2）喷射施工对UHPSC受喷面抗压强度的分布影响较大，而对劈裂抗拉强度的分布几乎无影响，正喷面抗压强度较侧喷面抗压强度低。
（3）与对照组UHPC相比，通过喷射工艺成型的UHPSC内部孔隙明显减少，且未出现明显连通孔隙。另外，喷射工艺会导致UHPSC试件内部孔隙分布呈现出明显的方向性。
（4）综合考虑喷射工艺和养护方式对UHPSC力学性能的影响规律，后续可深入研究不同喷射参数对强度均匀性的耦合机理，开展复杂环境下长期力学与耐久性能研究，完善配套施工养护标准，以促进UHPSC的工程推广应用。
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引用本文
戴旭军,杨建宇,何建刚.不同养护方式下超高性能喷射混凝土(UHPSC)力学性能及孔结构演化规律[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2026,53(8):107-111. Dai Xujun,Yang Jianyu,He Jiangang.Mechanical properties and pore structure evolution of ultra-high performance shotcrete (UHPSC) under different curing methods[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2026,53(8):107-111 (in Chinese).
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