摘   要：阐述了钢筋混凝土保护层厚度偏差对钢筋混凝土结构的承载力、粘结锚固性和耐久性的影响。介绍了中国石化某分公司对炼化一体化工程污水处理场74m×36m×8m大型钢筋混凝土生化池保护层厚度偏差进行控制和检测情况。结果表明，由于采用水平筋交叉定位后用箍筋固定主筋、加设封闭箍筋以及在钢筋与模板之间支垫特制垫块对钢筋定位等措施，提高了钢筋铺设的准确性和稳定性，减少了钢筋位移。经检测，其钢筋保护层厚度合格点率达到95%以上，满足设计图纸和GB50204-2002规范要求。

Abstract: The affect of the thickness deviation of reinforced concrete cover on the bearing capacity, bonding anchoring and durability of the concrete structures are introduced. The concrete covers of 74m×36m×8m large salty and oily biochemical pool at wastewater treatment plant are controlled and detected by Rebar Detection System in a certain branch, SINOPEC. The results show that the bars are fixed more accurately and stably by using the measures of applying main bars fixed by stirrups after cross-positioning of horizontal bar, adding closed stirrups, and fixing bar with support pads of fluted fine stone concrete pad between the bars and shuttering formworks. The testing data show that the qualified rate of concrete cover thickness is more than 95% and meets the requirements of design blueprints and GB50204-2002 “Code for acceptance of constructional quality of concrete structures”.