摘   要：利用羧甲基纤维素钠、对苯乙烯磺酸钠以及甲基丙烯酸丁酯在水介质中用过硫酸钾为引发剂，合成羧甲基纤维素钠接枝对苯乙烯磺酸钠/甲基丙烯酸丁酯（CMC-g-PSS/PBMA）乳液。将乳液提纯提取出共聚物，共聚物采用傅丽叶红外光谱进行表征；用扫描电镜对水泥砂浆进行微观形貌观察。结果表明，在减水20%的条件下，当CMC-g-PSS/PBMA的掺量为1.5%时，对水泥砂浆抗压性能的改性最为显著；当掺量为2.5%时，对水泥砂浆抗折性能的改性最为显著；为了取得抗压性能和抗折性能均提升的试样，可向聚合物掺量为1.5%的试样中添加木质素磺酸钠增加乳液分散性，并用消泡剂磷酸三丁酯控制水泥砂浆的引气量，取得了显著的效果。

Abstract: The synthesis of sodium carboxymethylcellulose-g-poly (sodium p-styrenesulfonate) / poly (butyl methacrylate) emulsion is carried out by potassium persulfate induced graft copolymerization in homogeneous aqueous medium. The pure graft copolymer is extracted from the emulsion for characterization, which is used Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). The micromorphology of cement mortars could be observed by SEM. The results show that under the condition of water reducing 20%, when the dosage of the CMC-g-PSS/PBMA is 1.5%, the cement mortar obtains the best compressive property. When the graft copolymer is 2.5%, the cement mortar obtains the best flexural property. In order to obtain the sample of compressive property and flexural property improved at the same time, the sodium lignosulfonate should be put into the sample of the graft copolymer with 1.5% for intensifying its dispersing property. The tributyl phosphate should be put into this sample for controlling the air entrained volume, and the effect is obvious.