第十二期_2011_《混凝土与水泥制品》杂志社

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发布时间：2020-01-06 00:00:00

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第十二期

复合激发剂对脱硫石膏－粉煤灰胶结材抗压强度的影响

周可友1，潘亮1，郎营2，吕飞2

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：研究了燃煤电厂两大固体废物脱硫石膏和粉煤灰在空气自然养护条件下胶结反应特性，以粉煤灰改性未经煅烧脱硫石膏配制的新型石膏基胶结材，对影响脱硫石膏-粉煤灰胶结材的碱激发各因素进行了试验研究，得出了各因素单独作用时胶结材强度的发展规律。在此基础上，通过正交试验得到脱硫石膏-粉煤灰胶结材的最佳复合激发剂配比。此外，还研究了各激发剂对胶结材的影响机理及胶结材水化硬化机理。 Abstract: The solidifying reaction characteristics between two major solid wastes in coal-fired power plants, desulphogypsum and fly ash, are studied, while being naturally cured in the air. The factors affecting alkali excitation of desulphogypsum-fly ash cementitious material are researched by experiment according to the new gypsum cementitious material prepared by fly ash modifying non-calcined desulphogypsum. And the strength laws of desulphogypsum-fly ash cementitious material are carried out when each factor acts on the system alone. On the basis of this, by orthogonal experiment, the optimum proportion of composite activator of desulphogypsum-fly ash cementitious materiasl is obtained. Besides, the affecting mechanisms of exciting agents on cementitious material and the rule of hydration and hardening of cementitious material are analyzed and discussed.

新型镁质膨胀材料的效能研究

张红波1，高培伟1，李为康2，赵洁1

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：以富镁尾矿为原料，经适宜工艺制备了新型膨胀材料，并研究了掺不同品种膨胀材料的水泥砂浆在不同龄期的力学性能以及在不同养护条件下的膨胀性能。结果表明，升高水化温度对水泥砂浆前期膨胀速率的增加比较明显，对水化后期影响较小；CaO含量高的膨胀材料早期膨胀率大，后期膨胀率小；当膨胀材料掺量在4%～6%时，水泥砂浆强度与变形可达到较好的平衡；新型膨胀材料具有持续稳定的膨胀性能，不存在无限膨胀和回缩现象。Abstract：Novelexpansiveagentsarepreparedbyusingrichmagnesiumtailingsthroughappropriatetechnology.Themechanicalpropertiesofmortarmixedwithdifferentexpansiveagentsunderdifferent agesandtheexpansionpropertiesunderdifferentcuringconditionsareinvestigated.Resultsshowthatattheearlyage,theexpansionspeedincreasesobviouslywiththeincreaseofhydrationtemperature,butatthelaterage,thereisnoobviouseffectontheincreaseofexpansionspeed.Whentheamountofexpansiveagentsisincertaincircumstance,thehigherCaO,thehighertheearlyexpansionratioisandthelowerthelateexpansionis.Whenthedosagesofexpansiveagentsare4%～6%,thedeformationandstrengthofthemortarspecimenareinabetterbalance.Theexpansioncurveshowsthattheexpansionpropertiesoftheseexpansiveagentsarestablethroughthewholecourseofhydration,andthereisnoexcessiveexpansionandretraction.

喷砂防滑型（XPS）挤塑保温板在渠道混凝土衬砌中的应用研究

雷淮平

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：通过南水北调干渠工程实例，分析了渠道边坡混凝土衬砌施工的具体情况，研究了喷砂防滑型（XPS）挤塑保温板的防滑性能，提出了渠道边坡混凝土衬砌施工质量提升的解决方案。 Abstract：Through the example of main canal engineering of South-to-North Water Transfer, the detailed situation of concrete lining construction in the side slope of canals is analyzed. The antiskid property of spray sand antiskid type (XPS) crowded plastic insulation board is studied, and the solutions on improving the quality of concrete lining construction in the side slope of canals are proposed.

建筑垃圾生产免烧砖技术研究

汪发红1，李宁2

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：研究了利用建筑垃圾、采用免烧免蒸工艺，生产免烧砖的技术。结果表明，建筑垃圾可全组分利用，且利用率可高达80%以上；不同使用年限的建筑垃圾对胶结材料的性能影响不大。 Abstract: Non-burned bricks can be made by construction wastes through non-burning and non-steaming process. The results show that the construction wastes can be all components utilization, and the utilization rate is up to over 80%. The effects of construction wastes with different service life on the performances of cementing materials are less.

某学校混凝土爆裂事故原因分析

王枫1，高波2

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：某学校宿舍楼梁、板、柱构件混凝土表面出现爆裂现象，通过对爆裂部分砂浆进行化学分析和混凝土安定性试验，确定混凝土爆裂是由于在混凝土拌制过程中掺入的钢渣中过烧氧化钙、氧化镁发生水化反应，体积膨胀造成的。 Abstract: The blowout phenomenon happened on the surface of concrete beams, plates and columns of one school dormitory building. Through the chemical analysis of the blowout part mortar and the stability test of concrete, the concrete blowout is caused by the volume expansion of the burned CaO, MgO of steel slag happening hydration during the concrete mixing process.

石粉部分替代水泥对机制砂干混砂浆力学性能的影响

刘桂凤1，陈正发1，秦彦龙1，徐建民2

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：用机制砂代替天然砂配制干混砂浆，可利用矿山尾矿作原料让尾矿石变废为宝，有效解决了尾矿环境污染问题；用机制砂中的石粉部分代替水泥不仅可以改善砂浆的性能，而且石粉部分替代水泥可以减少成本、节约资源。因此，研究石粉部分替代水泥对机制砂干混砂浆力学性能的影响具有重要的理论和经济价值。本文通过室内试验，研究了在不同替代率下石粉代替水泥对不同强度等级（M5,M10,M15,M30）的砌筑干混砂浆的7d和28d的抗压强度和抗折强度等力学性能的影响。试验结果表明，各强度等级的机制砂干混砂浆的7d和28d的抗压强度和抗折强度随石粉替代率的增加而降低，当替代率达到30%时，其抗压强度和抗折强度降低的最为明显。 Abstract: Using manufactured-sand replacing natural sand to prepare dry-mixed mortar can make the use of tailings and effectively solve the environment pollution of tailings. Stone powder of manufactured-sand partially replacing cement can not only improve the performances of dry-mixed mortar, but also reduce costs and save resources. Therefore, studying the effects of stone powder partially replacing cement on mechanical properties of dry-mixed mortar has important theoretic and economical values. In this paper, through the laboratory test, the influences of stone powder replacing cement with different replacing rates on 7d and 28d compressive strength and flexural strength of masonry dry-mixed mortar with different strength grades (M5, M10, M15, M30) are studied. The experimental results show that when the stone powder replacing rate increases, the 7d and 28d compressive strength and flexural strength of dry-mixed mortar with manufactured-sand with different strength grades will decrease, and when the stone powder replacing rate is 30%, the compressive strength and flexural strength decrease most obviously.

钢筋混凝土梁损伤声发射信号特征提取与识别研究

彭德红1，孙德立2

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：钢筋混凝土桥梁暴露在恶劣工作环境下常常受到裂纹损伤威胁，及时有效地检测到混泥土梁的微裂纹以及识别梁的损伤状况是保证桥梁安全作业的重要基础。针对目前采用全波形声发射仪采集声信号受到噪声污染而影响探伤精度的问题，提出了基于神经网络的非线性独立分量分析(ICA)与维格纳分布(WVD)的损伤声发射信号特征提取与识别的新方法。通过RBF网络估计混入声信号中的非线性噪声成分，利用ICA算法分离出真实的梁损伤声信号，消除噪声干扰，并应用WVD分析分离信号的时频谱分布，提取信号特征频率处的能量特征作为识别损伤状态的有效参数。三点弯曲加载试验结果表明，非线性ICA能够有效抑制噪声导致的声信号频率漂移，得到信号可靠的关键特征，提高梁裂纹损伤的识别精度，且结果比不进行去噪处理提高了9%。 Abstract：Reinforced concrete beams often suffer from cracks due to severe operation conditions. Therefore, it is imperative to monitor the beam condition in time to prevent damages. However, fault acoustic signal recorded by the waveform acoustic emission instrument is submerged by noise. To eliminate the noise, a new approach to identify the beam damages is presented. It firstly uses a RBF neural network to estimate the mixed nonlinear noise in the original acoustic signal, then the independent components analysis (ICA) is used to separate the true fault signal with the noise removed, lastly, the Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD) is adopted to extract distinct energy features of the separated signal in the time-frequency domain to realize the recognition of the beam health states. The three points bending loading test has been carried out to evaluate the proposed detection method. The experiment results show that the mixed noise can be eliminated effectively by the use of nonlinear ICA, and the identification precision is improved. Moreover, the performance of the proposed method is superior to the method without the ICA processing.

聚丙烯纤维RPC的力学性能研究

李月安

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：对掺入聚丙烯纤维的RPC进行了力学性能分析，发现其抗压强度具有较大幅度的提高，冲击韧性也显著增强；对其疲劳寿命进行线性回归分析发现，疲劳寿命可以很好地服从两参数Weibull分布；聚丙烯纤维可极大提高RPC的疲劳寿命。 Abstract: The mechanical properties of reactive powder concrete (RPC) with polypropylene fibers are analyzed and it shows that the compressive strength has improved greatly and its impact toughness is significantly enhanced. Linear regression analysis on its fatigue life shows that the fatigue life obeys the distribution of two-parameter Weibull well and the polypropylene fiber can improve the fatigue life of RPC greatly.

超长复合型纤维水泥混凝土最佳配合比试验研究

姜丽伟

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：采用正交试验方法对超长复合型纤维水泥混凝土进行了最佳配合比试验研究。选择水灰比、砂率、纤维用量和减水剂用量四因素，每个因素四个水平进行试验，并通过极差、均值等分析方法对于正交试验结果进行了分析，得出了各因素及因素水平的变化对抗折、抗压强度的影响，最后确定了超长复合型水泥混凝土的最佳配合比。 Abstract: The experimental research of optimal mix proportion is carried out for super-long complex fiber cement concrete by using the orthogonal testing method. Four influencing factros including water-cement ratio, sand ratio, dosages of fiber and water reducing agent are chosen to conduct the experiment with four levels for each factor. Through different analysis methods such as the range and mean, the orthogonal results has been analyzed, and the effects of each factor and its level changing on the compressive and flexural strength are obtained, and finally the optimal mix proportion of super-long complex fiber cement concrete is determined.

预应力高强混凝土管桩厂电气节能设计

陆薇1，宋亚英2

２０11年第12期

摘要

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摘要：预应力高强混凝土管桩（PHC管桩）业是近年来快速发展的一个新兴行业，PHC管桩厂的电气节能有很大的潜力。结合混凝土管桩厂项目设计实践，对电气设计中各个环节的节能技术措施进行了研究探讨。 Abstract: The industry of prestressed high-strength concrete piles(PHC piles) is one new industry developing rapidly in recent years. Electric energy saving design of PHC piles factory has great potential. Combining the design practice of concrete piles factory project, the energy saving technical measures of every link in electric design are researched and discussed.

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