钢筋混凝土开洞梁力学性能研究现状与进展_《混凝土与水泥制品》杂志社

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钢筋混凝土开洞梁力学性能研究现状与进展

Research status and progress of mechanical properties of reinforced concrete beams with openings

2024年第4期

钢筋混凝土开洞梁；受力机理；洞口补强形式；承载能力；研究进展

Reinforced concrete beams with openings; Mechanical mechanism; Reinforcement form of openings; Bearing capacity; Research progress

2024年第4期

10.19761/j.1000-4637.2024.04.063.08

张扬1，颜阳2，熊学玉1，3，*，陈率4，陶华4

1.同济大学土木工程学院，上海 200092；2.中铁上海设计院集团有限公司，上海200070；3.同济大学，先进土木工程材料教育部重点实验室，上海 201804；4.宁安铁路有限责任公司，安徽芜湖 241004

张扬1，颜阳2，熊学玉1，3，*，陈率4，陶华4

张扬,颜阳,熊学玉,等.钢筋混凝土开洞梁力学性能研究现状与进展[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2024(4):63-69,76.

ZHANG Y,YAN Y,XIONG X Y,et al.Research status and progress of mechanical properties of reinforced concrete beams with openings[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2024(4):63-69,76.

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1000

摘要：总结了国内外钢筋混凝土开洞梁的受力机理、受力性能、洞口补强加固方式、承载能力计算等研究现状。现有研究结果表明：洞口上、下弦杆可看作是偏心受压和偏心受拉状态；当洞口尺寸较小时，钢筋混凝土开洞梁可看作带有斜压腹杆的桁架模型，当洞口尺寸较大时，洞口部分为无斜压腹杆的平行弦杆以及无洞口部分的带有斜压腹杆的桁架模型；钢筋混凝土开洞梁主要有孔侧破坏和孔间破坏两种破坏模式；钢筋混凝土开洞梁的结构响应主要取决于荷载路径的中断程度；随着洞口高度和宽度的增加，钢筋混凝土开洞梁的承载力会降低，但若设计合理，不会形成薄弱区；普通钢筋、纤维布和纤维板都可用于洞口区域的加固，相应的抗剪承载力计算也较为完善。 Abstract: Based on the literature at home and abroad, the research status of reinforced concrete beams with openings in terms of mechanical mechanism, mechanical performance, reinforcement methods of openings, and calculation of bearing capacity are summarized. The existing research results show that the upper chord and the lower chord in the openings can be regarded as eccentric compression and eccentric tension, respectively. When the size of the openings is small, the reinforced concrete beams with openings can be regarded as a truss model with diagonal web members, and when the size of the openings is large, the reinforced concrete beams with openings can be regarded as parallel chords without diagonal web members at the openings and truss model with diagonal web members at the no-openings. There are two main failure modes of reinforced concrete beams with openings, namely, opening side failure and inter-opening failure. The structural response of reinforced concrete beams with openings mainly depends on the interruption degree of load path. With the increase of the height and width of the openings, the bearing capacity of reinforced concrete beams with openings decreases, and if the design is reasonable, weak areas can not be formed. Ordinary steel bars, fiber cloth, and fiber plate can be used to strengthen the opening area, and the corresponding calculation of shear bearing capacity is also relatively perfect. The research results can provide a reference for the popularization and application of reinforced concrete beams with openings.

英文名 : Research status and progress of mechanical properties of reinforced concrete beams with openings

刊期 : 2024年第4期

关键词 : 钢筋混凝土开洞梁；受力机理；洞口补强形式；承载能力；研究进展

Key words : Reinforced concrete beams with openings; Mechanical mechanism; Reinforcement form of openings; Bearing capacity; Research progress

刊期 : 2024年第4期

DOI : 10.19761/j.1000-4637.2024.04.063.08

文章编号 :

基金项目 :

作者 : 张扬1，颜阳2，熊学玉1，3，*，陈率4，陶华4

单位 : 1.同济大学土木工程学院，上海 200092；2.中铁上海设计院集团有限公司，上海200070；3.同济大学，先进土木工程材料教育部重点实验室，上海 201804；4.宁安铁路有限责任公司，安徽芜湖 241004

张扬1，颜阳2，熊学玉1，3，*，陈率4，陶华4

张扬,颜阳,熊学玉,等.钢筋混凝土开洞梁力学性能研究现状与进展[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2024(4):63-69,76.

ZHANG Y,YAN Y,XIONG X Y,et al.Research status and progress of mechanical properties of reinforced concrete beams with openings[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2024(4):63-69,76.

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摘要

参数

结论

参考文献

引用本文

Abstract: Based on the literature at home and abroad, the research status of reinforced concrete beams with openings in terms of mechanical mechanism, mechanical performance, reinforcement methods of openings, and calculation of bearing capacity are summarized. The existing research results show that the upper chord and the lower chord in the openings can be regarded as eccentric compression and eccentric tension, respectively. When the size of the openings is small, the reinforced concrete beams with openings can be regarded as a truss model with diagonal web members, and when the size of the openings is large, the reinforced concrete beams with openings can be regarded as parallel chords without diagonal web members at the openings and truss model with diagonal web members at the no-openings. There are two main failure modes of reinforced concrete beams with openings, namely, opening side failure and inter-opening failure. The structural response of reinforced concrete beams with openings mainly depends on the interruption degree of load path. With the increase of the height and width of the openings, the bearing capacity of reinforced concrete beams with openings decreases, and if the design is reasonable, weak areas can not be formed. Ordinary steel bars, fiber cloth, and fiber plate can be used to strengthen the opening area, and the corresponding calculation of shear bearing capacity is also relatively perfect. The research results can provide a reference for the popularization and application of reinforced concrete beams with openings.

关键词:

the

and

openings

with

reinforced

beams

洞口

concrete

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（1）对于预应力钢筋混凝土开洞梁，在预应力张拉过程中，施加预应力会对洞口上、下弦杆分别产生拉力场和压力场，进而导致洞口角部出现应力集中，提前造成开裂。此外，已有的预应力混凝土开洞梁试验研究中的预应力筋线型均为直线式，而对于大跨预应力混凝土开洞梁框架结构，由于需要抵抗负弯矩，往往需采用曲线型预应力筋，预应力的线型与洞口的空间位置对洞口周围的应力场研究尚不明确，因而相关的预应力设计方法并不明确。
（2）目前，对于普通钢筋混凝土开洞梁，仅有《混凝土结构构造手册》（第5版）给出了相关构造措施。对于大跨预应力混凝土开洞梁框架结构，预应力在洞口周围产生的压应力场和剪应力场还不明确，对其在地震荷载下的受力机理、破坏模式认识不够，缺乏大跨预应力开洞框架的抗震设计理论，限制了该类结构的应用。
（3）预应力混凝土开洞梁未来或将成为大跨结构的较佳选择，但目前针对预应力混凝土开洞梁的试验研究和分析尚处于起步阶段，相应的承载能力计算方法和设计方法尚不成熟。目前，相关试验研究主要集中在开洞对极限承载力的影响上，对开洞梁在洞口周围开裂模式和正常使用性能的研究较少，因此，大跨预应力混凝土开洞梁框架结构在特殊环境下的耐久性能仍不明确。
（4）目前，相关试验研究还主要集中在预应力混凝土开洞简支梁的静力荷载受力性能上，缺少对于超静定框架中多余边界约束产生的次内力对开洞梁上、下弦受力性能影响的研究。此外，对洞口上、下弦而言，多余的约束包括框架的侧向约束和水平约束，同时，还包括洞口左右两侧的立柱约束。
（5）洞口上、下弦杆可视为偏心受压和偏心受拉状态。洞口尺寸较小时，开洞梁可视为带有斜压腹杆的桁架模型。洞口尺寸较大时，洞口部分可视为无斜压腹杆的平行弦杆以及无洞口部分的带有斜压腹杆桁架。开洞梁主要有两种破坏模式：孔侧破坏和孔间破坏。具体的破坏模式受配筋设计、孔洞尺寸、加载位置等因素的影响。
（6）目前，对于开洞梁的静力荷载分析较为成熟，而对于动力荷载和循环往复荷载的分析则尚处于初始阶段，相应的研究资料也较为缺乏。因此，开洞梁的抗震性能分析仍是目前工程设计中迫切需要解决的课题。
（7）对于普通钢筋加固、纤维布或纤维板加固的开洞梁，其抗剪承载能力计算方法较为成熟。对于预应力混凝土开洞梁，其抗剪承载能力的计算模型，后续还需开展大量的研究来确定。

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