摘   要：基于某多层楼板大开洞结构，采用有限元软件对该结构在8度罕遇地震作用下的楼板应力和动力弹塑性时程进行了分析，研究了开洞情况（未开洞、中部集中开洞、中部均布开洞）、板厚（120 mm、150 mm）、配筋率（0.4%、0.8%）对该结构抗震性能的影响。结果表明：楼板开洞会造成结构的最大层间位移角和基底最大剪力增大，且中部集中开洞的影响比中部均布开洞的影响大；增大板厚或配筋率，结构的最大层间位移角和基底剪力均增大；地震作用下，楼板应力分布趋势与楼板混凝土受压损伤趋势相同；可通过适当增大配筋率来减轻大开洞对楼板的损伤。

Abstract: Based on a multi story floor slab with large openings, finite element software was used to analyze the stress and dynamic elastoplastic time history of the slab under the rare earthquake of 8 degrees. The effects of openings(no openings, concentrated openings in the middle, uniform openings in the middle), slab thickness(120 mm, 150 mm), and reinforcement ratio(0.4%, 0.8%) on the seismic performance of the structure were studied. The results show that floor openings will increase the maximum interlayer displacement angle and the maximum base shear force of the structure, and the influence of concentrated openings in the middle is greater than that of uniform openings in the middle. Increasing the thickness or reinforcement ratio of the slab results in an increase in the maximum interlayer displacement angle and base shear force of the structure. Under the action of earthquake, the stress trend of the floor slab is the same as the compressive damage trend of the slab concrete. The damage to the floor slab caused by large openings can be reduced by appropriately increasing the reinforcement ratio.