双路径降碱工艺下再生骨料植生混凝土碱度、力学及植生性能协同调控研究
Study on synergistic regulation of alkalinity, mechanical and planting performances of recycled aggregate planting concrete under dual-path alkali-reduction processes
关键词：
再生骨料植生混凝土；矿物掺合料；降碱技术；聚氨酯涂层；连续孔隙率；植生性能
Key words：
Recycled aggregate planting concrete; Mineral admixture; Alkali-reduction technology; Polyurethane coating; Continuous porosity; Planting performance
刊期：
2026年第8期
DOI：
10.19761/j.1000-4637.25120549
文章编号：
基金项目：
国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFC3807305）。
作者：
韩云婷1，2，张 博1，2，*，杨利香1，2
单位：
1.上海市建筑科学研究院有限公司，上海 200032；2.上海工业固体废弃物资源化利用 工程技术研究中心，上海 200032
摘要
摘 要：针对再生骨料植生混凝土水化产物碱性过高，孔隙环境抑制植物萌发与生长的工程难题，本文采用正交试验探究了矿渣粉（Ground granulated blast furnace slag powder，GBFS）、粉煤灰（Fly ash，FA）、FeSO4掺量对复合胶凝体系碱度的影响，确定了最优复配比例；在此基础上，设置了纯水泥基准组F0、原材料降碱组（矿物掺合料等质量取代水泥，复配FeSO4）F1、聚氨酯涂层降碱组F2，对比了2种降碱工艺对再生骨料植生混凝土碱度、抗压强度、连续孔隙率及植生性能的影响。结果表明：各组分对复合胶凝体系碱度影响的高低顺序依次为FA掺量、GBFS掺量、FeSO4掺量，最佳掺量为GBFS 30%、FA 30%、FeSO4 3%；相较F0组，F1组体系碱度明显下降，28 d抗压强度与植生性能同步优化；F2组降碱效果更突出，但力学、植生性能衰减明显；矿物掺合料协同FeSO4的降碱方案可兼顾材料的力学与生态功能。研究成果可为再生骨料植生混凝土性能优化及工程应用提供参考。
Abstract: In order to solve the core problem of inhibiting plant growth in high alkali environment of recycled aggregate planting concrete, orthogonal tests were carried out to investigate the effects of ground granulated blast furnace slag powder (GBFS), fly ash (FA) and FeSO4 content on the alkalinity of composite cementitious systems, and the optimal mixing ratio was determined. On this basis, three groups were prepared, including a plain cement reference group F0, a raw material alkali-reduction group F1 (cement partially replaced by mineral admixtures at equal mass, and combined with FeSO4), and a polyurethane coating alkali-reduction group F2. The influences of the two alkali-reduction technologies on alkalinity, compressive strength, continuous porosity and planting performance of recycled aggregate planting concrete were compared. The results show that the descending order of each component according to the effect on the alkalinity of composite cementitious system follows: FA content, GBFS content, and FeSO4 content. And the optimal contents are 30% GBFS, 30% FA and 3% FeSO4. Compared with group F0, the alkalinity of group F1 decreases significantly, and both 28-day compressive strength and planting performance are improved simultaneously. Although group F2 achieves a more remarkable alkali reduction effect, its mechanical and planting performance degrade obviously. The alkali-reduction scheme combining mineral admixtures and FeSO4 can balance mechanical performance and planting performance simultaneously. The research results can provide references for performance optimization and engineering application of recycled aggregate planting concrete.
结论
（1）随着GBFS、FA、FeSO4掺量的增加，复合胶凝材料体系的碱度持续降低，各因素对复合胶凝材料体系降碱效果影响的高低顺序为FA掺量>GBFS掺量>FeSO4掺量，最优配合比为：GBFS 30%、FA 30%、FeSO4 3%。
（2）相比于纯水泥基准组F0，原材料降碱F1组再生骨料植生混凝土56 d浸出液pH值、22 d种植基质pH值分别降低了9.8%、15.4%，28 d抗压强度提高了10.0%，连续孔隙率降低了4.5%，56 d植株平均高度、平均密度分别提高了14.3%、14.9%；聚氨酯涂层降碱F2组虽碱度调控效果更优，56 d浸出液pH值、22 d种植基质pH值分别降低了22.0%、20.2%，但综合性能劣化明显，28 d抗压强度降低了1.8%，连续孔隙率降低了19.2%，56 d植株平均高度、平均密度分别降低了20.0%、7.4%。
（3）综合各项性能指标可知，矿物掺合料等质量取代水泥并搭配FeSO4的原材料降碱方案，能够协同平衡再生骨料植生混凝土的碱度、抗压强度与连续孔隙结构，最终获得最优植被生长效果；聚氨酯涂层降碱效果突出，但会大幅堵塞连通孔隙，严重制约植生功能。在实际工程应用中，再生骨料植生混凝土可优先采用原材料复配降碱优化路径，该方法可兼顾材料的力学性能与生态功能。
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引用本文
韩云婷,张博,杨利香.双路径降碱工艺下再生骨料植生混凝土碱度、力学及植生性能协同调控研究[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2026,53(8):64-69,78. Han Yunting,Zhang Bo,Yang Lixiang.Study on synergistic regulation of alkalinity, mechanical and planting performances of recycled aggregate planting concrete under dual-path alkali-reduction processes[J].China Concrete and Cement Products,2026,53(8):64-69,78 (in Chinese).
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